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Fig. 9 | Stem Cell Research & Therapy

Fig. 9

From: Melatonin enhances osteogenic differentiation of dental pulp mesenchymal stem cells by regulating MAPK pathways and promotes the efficiency of bone regeneration in calvarial bone defects

Fig. 9

Clinical images of surgery, micro-CT scan, and three-dimensional reconstruction of the bone defects 4 and 8 weeks after implantation of the scaffold and DPSCs and statistical analysis. a Clinical images of surgery procedures and well healing status was presented at 4 and 8 weeks. b Sagittal planes of 3D reconstruction images of surgical bone defects after 4 and 8 weeks of scaffold and DPSCs implantation. c Bone histomorphometry based on micro-CT images, including bone volume (BV/TV), trabecular thickness (Tb.Th), and trabecular number (Tb.N). Results are expressed as mean ± standard deviation (SD) and statistical significance is represented as (*) p < 0.05 or (**) p < 0.01

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Stem Cell Research & Therapy

ISSN: 1757-6512